AIX: Tips and Tricks

root@prod /root> ps vx | sort -rn +4 | awk '{print $5}'
68087
2186
2186
898
704
700
578
560
550
508

root@prod /root> ps vx | sort -rn +4 | awk '{print $5}' | paste -s -d+ -
68087+2186+2186+898+704+700+578+560+550+508+

root@prod /root> ps vx | sort -rn +4 | awk '{print $5}' | paste -s -d+ - | bc
76957

If a if > or < 0, this will give a value >0

$ a=-3
$ echo ${a#-}
3

For encode in aes-256

Decode password in tsmadmin.pwd file with a passphrase:

# openssl enc -d -aes-256-cbc -in /etc/security/tsmadmin.pwd -pass pass:YHlj55Xva26o48J

Encode a new password in tsmadmin.pwd file First create a file secrets.txt and include new password in it.

Encode password in tsmadmin.pwd file :

# openssl aes-256-cbc -a -in secrets.txt -out /etc/security/tsmadmin.pwd 

It will request a passphrase for the encryption, use YHlj55Xva26o48J as passphrase

Also verify the permissions of the file.

For encode in base64

To encode a file text.plain you can use

$ openssl enc -base64 -in text.plain -out text.base64

To decode a file the the decrypt option (-d) has to be used

$ openssl enc -d -base64 -in text.base64 -out text.plain

Generate a 16 character password.

$ openssl rand -base64 16
b4all5h6+sLvYh1TPl13yw==

# stat -c"%a %G %U" dokuwiki-stable_2018-04-22b.tgz
700 apache apache

In HEXAdecimal

# openssl rand -hex 12
ca36096f8eb60866593c022f

Print a random number in decimal between 0 and 51

# let rand=$RANDOM%52
# echo $rand

> cat .sh_history
�f #�#67#�#
fc -t #�#6604#�#

> cat .sh_history | perl -pe 's/[^[:ascii:]]//g'
df ##1559655978##
fc -t ##1559656904##

Required coreutils RPM package

# alias TS='_TS(){ /opt/freeware/bin/date --date="@$1" +%Y/%m/%d-%T ; }; _TS'
# TS 1502208414
2017/08/08-18:06:54

What is the last login date for all users that try a connection:

# alias TS='_TS(){ /opt/freeware/bin/date --date="@$1" +%Y/%m/%d-%T ; }; _TS'; lsuser -a time_last_login ALL | grep last | sed 's/time_last_login=//' | while read i j; do echo $i $(TS $j); done
root 2018/10/25-13:25:03
toto 2018/10/25-16:05:32

Usung perl:

[root@aix01] /root/scripts> perl -le 'print scalar localtime $ARGV[0]' 1268727836
Tue Mar 16 09:23:56 2010

Convert seconds in hours,minutes,seconds

# /opt/freeware/bin/date -u -d @6789 +"%T"
01:53:09

https://linuxconfig.org/how-to-count-days-since-a-specific-date-until-today-using-bash-shell

# ssh user@remote "cat /path/to/remote/file" | diff - /path/to/local/file

ps eww <processid>

(ps e displays the environment as well as the parameters to the command, up to a limit of 80 characters, ps eww wraps the display from the e flag and displays the ENV list until the flag reaches the LINE_MAX value)

Ex: Check NSORDER if set during process startup

 ps -ef | grep ora_smon |grep -v grep | awk '{print $2}' | xargs -n1 ps eww | grep NSORDER
 

Using ftpd daemon with option -l Sends logging information about ftpd daemon operations to the syslogd daemon. If you specify the -l flag, you must edit the /etc/syslog.conf file and add the following entry:

daemon.info /var/log/ftp.log

Create the log file, and refresh syslogd:

# touch /var/log/ftp.log
# refresh -s syslogd

I think you need to edit inetd.conf to include the -l option to have it log by default:

ftp     stream  tcp6    nowait  root    /usr/sbin/ftpd  ftpd -l

Refresh inetd:

# refresh -s inetd
# lssrc -ls ined

Also available : ftpd -d to debug the use daemon.debug

Print the current number of lines and columns of your tty

aixsrv # resize
COLUMNS=132;
LINES=40;
export COLUMNS LINES;

# echo “/some_dir/myscript.sh” | at now

# find / -nouser
# find / -nogroup

To change a userID / groupID, first top all processes from user

initial userID and groupID is 100 and 150, so first change into /etc/passd and /etc/group, then do it in 2 steps: user and then group

# find / -user 100 -exec chown myuser {} + 
# find / -user 150 -exec chgrp mygrp {} + 

You can aslo do it like

find / -user 100 -exec chown myuser {} \;

NFS mount slow when accessing with sequential access (Ex TSM)

First, you set some AIX “nfso” tunables to their max values as follows:

# nfso -p -o nfs_max_write_size=524288
# nfso -p -o nfs_max_read_size=524288

(Use “nfso -L nfs_max_read_size” to see if the 'max' value of your system can go that high - otherwise you have some patching to look forward to. )

…which then allows you to mount the NFS shares with the respectively higher values as well - ie use the mount options: rsize=524288,wsize=524288

In addition, if you change an attributes default value with chdef, all of the current devices will take on this default value unless you had specifically set them to have a value (if they used the default before, and you change the default with chdef, then all current devices inherit the new default). The only “gotcha” here is that if it is an attribute that requires a reboot to take effect you need to reboot for the new default attribute to become active for all the current devices (even though “lsattr” will lie and appear to show that it is active even though you need a reboot, similar to what “chdev -P” causes. You can use “lsattr -P” to see this if running very new AIX versions). If you had specifically set a device to have a value for one of their attributes, it will not be changed when you use “chdev” to change the default.

For info ODM DB is : PdAt

Example Change default vscsi_path_to to 30:

# chdef -a vscsi_path_to=30 -c adapter -s vdevice -t IBM,v-scsi

Change default vscsi_err_recov to fast_fail:

# chdef -a vscsi_err_recov=fast_fail -c adapter -s vdevice -t IBM,v-scsi

Change default for Hitachi disk reserve_policy to no_reserve:

# chdef -a reserve_policy=no_reserve -c disk -s fcp -t Hitachi

/opt # du -sm ./* | sort -n
0.00    ./cam
0.00    ./lost+found
...
0.78    ./IBM
1.57    ./Tivoli
11.25   ./IBMinvscout
17.12   ./csm
18.85   ./ibm
24.07   ./tivoli
48.29   ./LicenseUseManagement
377.80  ./freeware

Find files bigger than 1M (2048 in 512k blocs)

# find /tmp -xdev -size +2048 -ls

# svmon -P -O summary=basic,unit=GB

Unit: GB
——————————————————————————-
     Pid Command          Inuse      Pin     Pgsp  Virtual
 5963998 db2sysc           65.6     0.04     6.46     65.7
12190188 db2vend           64.3     0.03     6.44     64.4

# od -c file_name
0000000   \t   i   d   =   1   4   3   5  \n  \t   p   g   r   p   =   s
0000020    y   s   a   d   m   i   n  \n  \t   g   r   o   u   p   s   =
0000040    s   t   a   f   f   \n 

(Ex: ctrl+M 015) in a file, using octal character code:

# tr -d "\011" file_name > file_name1
or
# sed 's/'"$(echo '\011')"'//g' file_name
or
# /opt/freeware/bin/sed 's/^[ \t]*//' file_name

http://www.unix-manuals.com/refs/misc/ascii-table.html

# perl -e 'print crypt("password", "aes256"),"\n"'
aeC10Dk/ExaG.

This is maximum length with the standard AIX algorithm. You have to select an other algorithm to have up to 255 character:

# chsec -f /etc/security/login.cfg -s usw -a pwd_algorithm=smd5

In such HACMP version, it hard code the full qualified hostname (long name), and the IP address into /etc/rc.net

 Solution: suppress these bad line from file 

In such HACMP version, it hard code the full qualified hostname (long name), and the IP adress into /etc/rc.net

 Solution: suppress these bad line from file 

# /usr/sbin/lmktemp test 100m

# rendev -l hdisk1 -n hdisk99

# startsrc -s sendmail -a "-bd -q30m"

# sendmail -v -q -O QueueLA=150 -O RefuseLA=199

error maximum allocation

By default AIX logical volumes are limited to 512 PP (physical partitions), this is a soft value which was used to prevent an excessive increase of a filesystem, before when they can't be shrink online on previous AIX version.

# chfs -a size=+40G /wpars/r6db10/oradata/r6db10/data 
0516-787 extendlv: Maximum allocation for logical volume fslv10
        is 7600.
# chlv -x 10000 fslv10

migratelp LVname/LPartnumber[ /Copynumber ] DestPV[/PPartNumber]
Ex:
[root@labotest]/root# lspv
hdisk0          00522e1d4d4bc4ce                    rootvg          active
hdisk1          00522e1d2219e9fb                    rootvg          active
hdisk7          00522e1dbe9aef35                    nimvg           active
hdisk8          00522e1dbe9af0ea                    nimvg           active
[root@labotest]/root# lspv -M hdisk0 | head -1
hdisk0:1        hd5:1:2
[root@labotest]/root# lspv -M hdisk0 | head -10
hdisk0:1        hd5:1:2
hdisk0:2-75
hdisk0:76       tmplv:210  
hdisk0:77       tmplv:211  
hdisk0:78       tmplv:212  
hdisk0:79       tmplv:213  
hdisk0:80       tmplv:214  
hdisk0:81       tmplv:215  
hdisk0:82       tmplv:216  
hdisk0:83       tmplv:217  
[root@labotest]/root# migratelp tmplv/210 hdisk1

Sometime, mostly for freeware package, you'll need a library file called .so instead of common AIX .a, then you can use the ar command which add a new package .so based on the conversion of AIX .a library file

[root@test]/opt/freeware/lib# ls -l libXpm*
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system       388738 Nov 08 2010  libXpm.a
[root@test]/opt/freeware/lib# ar -x libXpm.a
[root@test]/opt/freeware/lib# ls -l libXpm*
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system       388738 Nov 08 2010  libXpm.a
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system       120524 Jun 17 14:55 libXpm.so.4
[root@test]/opt/freeware/lib# ln -s libXpm.so.4 libXpm.so  
[root@test]/opt/freeware/lib# ls -l libXpm*
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system       388738 Nov 08 2010  libXpm.a
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     system           11 Jun 17 15:02 libXpm.so -> libXpm.so.4
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system       120524 Jun 17 14:55 libXpm.so.4

# chdev -l hdisk1 -a pv=yes

# getconf DISK_SIZE /dev/hdisk1
# bootinfo -s hdisk1

[root@powerha1] # lqueryvg -p hdisk0 -L
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.1   hd5 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.2   hd6 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.3   hd8 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.4   hd4 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.5   hd2 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.6   hd9var 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.7   hd3 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.8   hd1 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.9   hd10opt 1
00f813df00004c000000013d59aad4f1.10  hd11admin 1

Check into the configuration file /etc/ssh/sshd_config, comment the Listen on IPV6, and restart sshd demon:

vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
 ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
 #ListenAddress ::

To enable the debug on a service:

startsrc -s qdaemon -a " -D/tmp/qdaemon.log"

To list all devices

# # lsdev -C | more
...
en0            Available             Standard Ethernet Network Interface
ent0           Available             Virtual I/O Ethernet Adapter (l-lan)
et0            Defined               IEEE 802.3 Ethernet Network Interface
fcs0           Available C5-T0       Virtual Fibre Channel Client Adapter
fcs1           Available C6-T0       Virtual Fibre Channel Client Adapter
hdisk4         Available C7-T1-01    MPIO IBM 2076 FC Disk
hdisk5         Available C7-T1-01    MPIO IBM 2076 FC Disk
sys0           Available             System Object

To query current setting of a device:

# lsattr -D -l sys0 -a maxuproc

To set to a different value:

# chdev -l sys0 -a maxuproc='4096'

If you want to run the command manually:

    # /usr/sbin/updtvpkg 

If you get an error similar to "cannot read header at 20760 for lookup" when running updtvpkg, run a rpm rebuilddb:

    # rpm --rebuilddb 

date -u

[root@nimsrv]/root# lscons -a
 current = /dev/vty0
 console_logname = /var/adm/ras/conslog
 console_logsize = 32768
 console_logverb = 1
 console_tagverb = 0
[root@nimsrv]/root# chcons -a login=enable /dev/vty1

cpio: copy all data but not sure for files bigger than 2GB
rsync: copy everything except special files (like bloc or character files)

# find /origfs -print | cpio -pvdmu /newfs
# rsync -grouptlvS /src_dir/ /dst_dir/ 

# dump -ov /usr/bin/bzip2
/usr/bin/bzip2:

                        ***Object Module Header***
# Sections      Symbol Ptr      # Symbols       Opt Hdr Len     Flags
         4      0x00000000              0                72     0x100f
Flags=( RELFLG EXEC LNNO LSYMS DYNLOAD DEP_SYSTEM )
Timestamp = "Sep 17 16:56:31 2009"
Magic = 0x1df  (32-bit XCOFF)

Check if you have an error or not

nm -X32 libmod_sm20.so
nm -X64 libmod_sm20.so

Using commad line:

ssh -o StrictHostKeyChecking=no -o UserKnownHostsFile=/dev/null -o LogLevel=ERROR <host>

Using a user config file: for a specific user create a file into home directory's .ssh/config, or for all users into /etc/ssh/ssh_config (LogLevel can also be QUIET : no error)

StrictHostKeyChecking no 
UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null 
LogLevel ERROR

Use ssh command with -t option

In case of memory problems:

ex: 0602-101 Out of memory saving lines for undo.

By exporting the following variable, we can edit large files without having the out of memory problem:

export EXINIT="set ll=20000000"

Add the following alias in your .profile

alias lscmd='for dir in `echo $PATH | tr ":" " "`; do for file in `ls -1 "$dir"`; do [ -x "$dir/$file" ] && echo $file; done; done | sort | uniq'

You can also run something like “lscmd | grep vary” to see commands that contain the word “vary” in them:

# lscmd | grep vary
ipl_varyon
lvaryoffvg
lvaryonvg
varyoffvg
varyonvg