Packages sources : http://www.perzl.org/aix/

Install / Update an RPM package (option i instead U for install only, it's better to use U in any case):

# rpm -Uhv httpd-2.2.15-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm

force options: - -nodeps (ignore dependency) , - -ignoreos (to install a package build with an earlier version of AIX)

Downgrade a package

# rpm -Uvh --oldpackage [downloaded_lower_version_package]

List rpm packages installed:

# rpm -qa

List files into an RPM package installed:

# rpm -qlv zabbix-agent
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system                   1457 Oct 19 15:44 /etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix-agent
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     system                     22 Oct 19 15:44 /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/Kzabbix-agent -> ../init.d/zabbix-agent
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     system                     22 Oct 19 15:44 /etc/rc.d/rc2.d/Szabbix-agent -> ../init.d/zabbix-agent
-rw-r--r--    1 root     system                  15575 Oct 19 15:44 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
drwxr-xr-x    2 root     system                      0 Oct 19 15:44 /etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system                6341227 Oct 19 15:44 /opt/freeware/bin/zabbix_get
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system                7522635 Oct 19 15:44 /opt/freeware/bin/zabbix_sender
-rw-r--r--    1 root     system                   4901 Oct 19 15:44 /opt/freeware/man/man1/zabbix_get.1
-rw-r--r--    1 root     system                  14962 Oct 19 15:44 /opt/freeware/man/man1/zabbix_sender.1
-rw-r--r--    1 root     system                   3899 Oct 19 15:44 /opt/freeware/man/man8/zabbix_agentd.8
-rwxr-xr-x    1 root     system                9719766 Oct 19 15:44 /opt/freeware/sbin/zabbix_agentd
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     system                     33 Oct 19 15:44 /usr/bin/zabbix_get -> ../../opt/freeware/bin/zabbix_get
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     system                     36 Oct 19 15:44 /usr/bin/zabbix_sender -> ../../opt/freeware/bin/zabbix_sender
lrwxrwxrwx    1 root     system                     37 Oct 19 15:44 /usr/sbin/zabbix_agentd -> ../../opt/freeware/sbin/zabbix_agentd
drwxr-xr-x    2 zabbix   zabbix                      0 Oct 19 15:44 /var/log/zabbix
drwxr-xr-x    2 zabbix   zabbix                      0 Oct 19 15:44 /var/run/zabbix

List package from which the file depend:

# rpm -qf /usr/bin/mysql
mysql-3.23.52-3

Uninstall an rpm package:

# rpm -e zip-3.0-1

To extract RPM files from a package ⇒ use CPIO from freeware

[root@aix01]/export/softs/zabbix/zabbix_agent_5.0.17-1# rpm2cpio zabbix-agent-5.0.17-1.aix7.2.ppc.rpm | /opt/freeware/bin/cpio -idmv
./etc/rc.d/init.d/zabbix-agent
./etc/rc.d/rc2.d/Kzabbix-agent
./etc/rc.d/rc2.d/Szabbix-agent
./etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.conf
./etc/zabbix/zabbix_agentd.d
...

Check rpm package checksum

# rpm -Kvv libqb-2.0.2-1.db2pcmk.el8.x86_64.rpm
D: loading keyring from pubkeys in /var/lib/rpm/pubkeys/*.key
D: couldn't find any keys in /var/lib/rpm/pubkeys/*.key
D: loading keyring from rpmdb
D: serialize failed, using private dbenv
D: opening  db environment /var/lib/rpm cdb:private:0x401
D: opening  db index       /var/lib/rpm/Packages 0x400 mode=0x0
D: locked   db index       /var/lib/rpm/Packages
D: opening  db index       /var/lib/rpm/Name 0x400 mode=0x0
D:  read h#     431 Header SHA1 digest: OK (7607620a7fc71d534fe59a60dece8de02703e63c)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-d88e42b4-52371eca to keyring
D:  read h#     437 Header SHA1 digest: OK (22824a5fcbad49190bcc2dd45d06b4b53aad2447)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-fd431d51-4ae0493b to keyring
D:  read h#     438 Header SHA1 digest: OK (2355c07f9978587c537d385c0bdd9353214f7032)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-2fa658e0-45700c69 to keyring
D:  read h#     442 Header SHA1 digest: OK (dd737a402556b7653c2bc971f343532046e26384)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-352c64e5-52ae6884 to keyring
D:  read h#     457 Header SHA1 digest: OK (a2d8377102268dd4cf467cd46d9413c29832e110)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-a14fe591-578876fd to keyring
D:  read h#     835 Header SHA1 digest: OK (cd1fc24b8ab1b1eec4021a4e5828eddd4554adb0)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-00f97f56-467e318a to keyring
D:  read h#     890 Header SHA1 digest: OK (6fd848e1a8354d69e3f3728c8717e4ecbf325def)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-a663d36e-3cd9959a to keyring
D:  read h#     924 Header SHA1 digest: OK (f4c664d12065958014b7271dfa93fda80055d732)
D: added key gpg-pubkey-06d62707-582074e8 to keyring
D: Using legacy gpg-pubkey(s) from rpmdb
D: Expected size:       118112 = lead(96)+sigs(4404)+pad(4)+data(113608)
D:   Actual size:       118112
libqb-2.0.2-1.db2pcmk.el8.x86_64.rpm:
    Header SHA1 digest: OK (6c728acd3bb8c2fa1f6aa63dd3b5f1c1f7e2c6c0)
    MD5 digest: OK (5dbaf4cdeeb948a011927e29ac62165f)
D: closed   db index       /var/lib/rpm/Name
D: closed   db index       /var/lib/rpm/Packages
D: closed   db environment /var/lib/rpm

# rpm -K libqb-2.0.2-1.db2pcmk.el8.x86_64.rpm
libqb-2.0.2-1.db2pcmk.el8.x86_64.rpm: sha1 md5 OK

List files into RPM package:

# rpm  -qpl freetype2-2.3.11-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm
/opt/freeware/doc/freetype2-2.3.11
/opt/freeware/doc/freetype2-2.3.11/ChangeLog
/opt/freeware/doc/freetype2-2.3.11/README
/opt/freeware/lib/libfreetype.a
/usr/lib/libfreetype.a

List RPM package description:

# rpm  -qpi rpm2/freetype2-2.3.11-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm
Name        : freetype2                    Relocations: (not relocateable)
Version     : 2.3.11                            Vendor: (none)
Release     : 1                             Build Date: Tue Nov 17 11:26:18 GMT+01:00 2009
Install date: (not installed)               Build Host: aix51.perzl.org
Group       : System Environment/Libraries   Source RPM: freetype2-2.3.11-1.src.rpm
Size        : 1945384                          License: BSD/GPL dual license
URL         : http://www.freetype.org
Summary     : A free and portable font rendering engine
Description :
The FreeType engine is a free and portable font rendering
engine, developed to provide advanced font support for a variety of
platforms and environments. FreeType is a library which can open and
manages font files as well as efficiently load, hint and render
individual glyphs. FreeType is not a font server or a complete
text-rendering library.

The library is available as 32-bit and 64-bit.

List requirements to install an RPM package:

# rpm --requires -qp freetype2-2.3.11-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm
zlib  
libc.a(shr.o)  
libz.a(libz.so.1)  

Print the scripts (postinstall, preinstall, unistall) contained into an RPM package:

# rpm --scripts -qp httpd-2.2.15-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm
preinstall script (through /bin/sh):
# add the "apache" group
/usr/bin/mkgroup -A id=64500 apache 2> /dev/null || :
# add the "apache" user
/usr/bin/mkuser id=64500 pgrp='apache' gecos='Apache User' \
login='false' rlogin='false' apache 2> /dev/null || :
preuninstall script (through /bin/sh):
if [ $1 = 0 ]; then
   /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd stop > /dev/null 2>&1
fi
# remove "apache" user and group
/usr/sbin/rmuser -p apache || :
/usr/sbin/rmgroup apache || :

Compile your libraries and binaries and put them on the relative target path starting to /opt/freeware/src/packages/BUILD

Create a spec file with the files names

[root@labo]/opt/freeware/src/packages# cat SPECS/libssh2\-1.11.1.spec
Name:           libssh2
Version:        1.11.1
Release:        2
Summary:        A library implementing the SSH2 protocol

Group:          System Environment/Libraries
License:        BSD
URL:            https://app-bldns01-h.oi.bdl.lu/doku.php?id=aix:libssh2_compile
Source0:        https://github.com/libssh2/libssh2.git

BuildRequires:  zlib-devel
BuildRequires:  pkg-config, make
BuildRequires:  libgcc >= 6.3.0-1
Requires: zlib
Requires: libgcc >= 8.3.0-1

%description
libssh2 is a library implementing the SSH2 protocol as defined by
Internet Drafts: SECSH-TRANS(22), SECSH-USERAUTH(25),
SECSH-CONNECTION(23), SECSH-ARCH(20), SECSH-FILEXFER(06)*,
SECSH-DHGEX(04), and SECSH-NUMBERS(10).

The library is available as 32-bit and 64-bit.

%files
/opt/freeware/lib/libssh2.a
/opt/freeware/lib64/libssh2.a

%changelog
* Tue Jun 04 2024 - 1.11.1-1
- Build custom

Test package creation, and adapt the file location (depnding from RPM generation!)

[root@labo]/opt/freeware/src/packages# /usr/bin/rpmbuild -bb SPECS/libssh2-1.11.1.spec
Processing files: libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc
error: File not found: /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib/libssh2.a
error: File not found: /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib64/libssh2.a

RPM build errors:
    File not found: /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib/libssh2.a
    File not found: /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib64/libssh2.a


[root@labo]/opt/freeware/src/packages# mkdir -p /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib
[root@labo]/opt/freeware/src/packages# mkdir -p /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib64/
[root@labo]/opt/freeware/src/packages# cp BUILD/opt/freeware/lib/libssh2.a /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib
[root@labo]/opt/freeware/src/packages# cp BUILD/opt/freeware/lib64/libssh2.a /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc/opt/freeware/lib64

Now you are ready to build the RPM package

[root@systemh]/opt/freeware/src/packages# /usr/bin/rpmbuild -bb SPECS/libssh2\-1.11.1.spec
Processing files: libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc
warning: Deprecated external dependency generator is used!
Finding  Provides: /usr/opt/rpm/lib/rpm/find-provides
Finding  Requires(interp):
Finding  Requires(rpmlib):
Finding  Requires(verify):
Finding  Requires(pre):
Finding  Requires(post):
Finding  Requires(preun):
Finding  Requires(postun):
Finding  Requires(pretrans):
Finding  Requires(posttrans):
Finding  Requires: /usr/opt/rpm/lib/rpm/find-requires
Finding  Conflicts:
Finding  Obsoletes:
Finding  Recommends:
Finding  Suggests:
Finding  Supplements:
Finding  Enhances:
Provides: libssh2 = 1.11.1-2 libssh2.a(libssh2.so.1)
Requires(rpmlib): rpmlib(CompressedFileNames) <= 3.0.4-1 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 rpmlib(PayloadFilesHavePrefix) <= 4.0-1
Requires: libc.a(shr.o) libc.a(shr_64.o) libcrypto.a(libcrypto.so.3) libgcc_s.a(shr.o)
Wrote: /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/libssh2-1.11.1-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm
Executing(%clean): /bin/sh -e /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.DJB7ea
+ umask 022
+ cd /opt/freeware/src/packages/BUILD
+ /bin/rm -rf /var/tmp/libssh2-1.11.1-2.ppc
+ RPM_EC=0
+ jobs -p
+ exit 0
[root@systemh]/opt/freeware/src/packages# ll /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/libssh2-1.11.1-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm
 684 -rw-r--r--    1 root     system       697152 Jun  4 17:23 /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/libssh2-1.11.1-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm
[root@systemh]/opt/freeware/src/packages# rpm -qpl /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/libssh2-1.11.1-2.aix7.2.ppc.rpm
/opt/freeware/lib/libssh2.a
/opt/freeware/lib64/libssh2.a

Another example of spec file

create a spec file .spec dans /opt/freeware/src/packages/SPECS

Ex : logrorate-3.5.9.spec

Summary     : A utility for rotate log following different parmeters.
Name        : logrotate                         
Version     : 3.5.9 
Release     : 1
Copyright   : Copyright (C) 1995-2001 Red Hat, Inc.
Group       : ?
Source RPM  : http://iain.cx/src/logrotate/logrotate
AutoReqProv : no
BuildRoot   : /usr/src/packages/BUILD

%description 
This may be freely redistributed under the terms of the GNU Public License
Usage: logrotate [-m command] [-s statefile] [--usage] [OPTION...] <configfile>
/etc/logrotate.conf

%files
/usr/bin/logrotate
/opt/freeware/bin/logrotate
/opt/freeware/man/man8/logrotate.8
/etc/logrotate.conf


Puis copier les fichiers dans /opt/freeware/src/packages/BUILD, avec l’arborescence necessaire :
usr
opt 
etc …

Les binaires doivent être compilés pour AIX. Sinon on peut utiliser la commande rpm-built qui compile et créé le package rpm.

lancer              rpm –bb /opt/freeware/src/packages/SPECS/logrorate-3.5.9.spec

Un fichier /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/logrotate-3.5.9-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm est alors créé, et installable

Vérification :
rpm –qlpv /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/logrotate-3.5.9-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm 
rpm –qpi /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/logrotate-3.5.9-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm
rpm --scripts –qp /opt/freeware/src/packages/RPMS/ppc/logrotate-3.5.9-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm

ATTENTION :
On ne peut installer des rpm que de version d’AIX >= à celle de l’OS de compilation  

Script to sort rpm package to find the latest version in a directory using ls -1v human sort (include in the coreutils package)

root@devsrv - /mnt/rpm # for i in $(rpm -qa | grep -v AIX-rpm | rev | cut -d'-' -f3- | rev | tac)
do
pkg=$(/opt/freeware/bin/ls -1v $i-[0-9]* | grep -v src | tail -1)
rpm -Uhv $pkg
done

Find the latest rpm (version) package available in a folder:

root@devsrv - /mnt/rpm # for rpm in $(ls | grep rpm | sed 's/\-[0-9]/\ /g' | awk '{print $1}' | sort -u)
do
  echo $rpm
  latest=""
  latest=$(ls ${rpm}-[0-9]* | sed -e 's/\-/\ ;\ /g' -e 's/\./\ /g' | sort -n -k3 -k4 -k5 -k7 -k8 -k9 | tail -1 | sed -e 's/\ ;\ /\-/g' -e 's/\ /\./g')
  mv $latest latest
done

After upgrading the rpm package db4, RPMDB is corrupt

root@devsrv - /mnt/rpm # rpm -Uhv db4-4.8.30-1.rpm
Updating / installing...
   1:db4-4.8.30-1                     ################################# [ 50%]
Cleaning up / removing...
   2:db4-4.7.25-2                     ################################# [100%]

root@devsrv - /mnt/rpm # rpm -qa
error: db4 error(-30971) from dbenv->open: DB_VERSION_MISMATCH: Database environment version mismatch
error: cannot open Packages index using db4 -  (-30971)
error: cannot open Packages database in /opt/freeware/packages

[root@aixnim] /root> lslpp -Lc | grep open
error: incorrect format: unknown tag

Uninstall openssl AIX package and reinstall:

make a backup of /etc/ssh (new keys will be generated!)

  cd /etc; tar cvf ssh.tar ssh
  
Uninstall (will also uninstall openssh and sysmgt.cim)
  installp -ug  openssl.base openssl.license openssl.man.en_US

Reinstall openssh and openssl (sysmgt.cim not necessary)

restore the ssh keys
  cd /etc; tar xvf ssh.tar
  

Just remove the DB files into /var/lib/rpm

root@devsrv - /root # cd /var/lib/rpm
root@devsrv - /var/lib/rpm # mkdir old_db_rpm_2017
root@devsrv - /var/lib/rpm # mv __db.001 __db.002 __db.003 __db.004 old_db_rpm_2017
root@devsrv - /var/lib/rpm # rpm -qa
expect-5.42.1-3.ppc
freetype2-2.5.5-1.ppc
AIX-rpm-7.2.2.0-7.ppc
db4-4.8.30-1.ppc
...

If the database is not refreshed, the use the command

rpm --rebuilddb

Change folder : /export/packages/RPMS/noarch

> rpm -Uhv bash-4.4-4.aix5.1.ppc.rpm
> rpm -Uhv info-6.4-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm gettext-0.10.40-8.aix5.2.ppc.rpm libiconv-1.15-1.aix5.1.ppc.rpm
Preparing...                          ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
   1:gettext-0.10.40-8                ################################# [ 33%]
   2:libiconv-1.15-1                  ################################# [ 67%]
   3:info-6.4-1                       ################################# [100%]
Please check that /etc/info-dir does exist.
You might have to rename it from /etc/info-dir.rpmsave to /etc/info-dir.
exec(): 0509-036 Cannot load program /usr/opt/freeware/bin/rpm because of the following errors:
        0509-150   Dependent module /opt/freeware/lib/libintl.a(libintl.so.8) could not be loaded.
        0509-152   Member libintl.so.8 is not found in archive
rpm_share: 0645-007 ATTENTION: get_rpm_inst_root_list() returned an unexpected result.
rpm_share: 0645-007 ATTENTION: update_inst_root() returned an unexpected result.

Problem with RPM Databse

root@nimprod /var/lib/rpm> rm /var/lib/rpm/__db.00*

You need to force the reinstallation of package rpm.rte

root@nimprod /export/lpp/aix7200/aix7200-01-02-lpp> installp -F -acYN -d ./ rpm.rte

The “simple” way is to just dump everything in a directory and run:

# rm $(repomanage --keep=2 --old /path/to/repo)
# createrepo /path/to/repo

Install the right level of popt (as this include into rpm.rte is too old)

/aixtoolbox/RPMS> rpm -Uhv ppc/popt-1.16-3.aix6.1.ppc.rpm

root@nimprod /root> yum search logrotate
        Symbol resolution failed for /usr/opt/rpm/lib/librpm.so because:
        Symbol poptSaveInt (number 266) is not exported from dependent
          module /usr/lib/libpopt.so.

Please update git to 2.20.2-1 to resolve this issue. To avoid these kind of issues. we have recently taken the approach of hardcoding the library path of libiconv in the loader section of the applications which depends on libiconv library. So LIBPATH won't have any effect on the library search path of libiconv.

root@aix01 # dump -X64 -Hov /opt/freeware/bin/git

***Import File Strings***
INDEX          PATH                        BASE                            MEMBER
0              /opt/freeware/lib64:/opt/freeware/lib:/usr/lib:/lib
1                                          libc.a                          shr_64.o
2                                          libpthreads.a                   shr_xpg5_64.o
3                                          libintl.a                       libintl.so.8
4              /opt/freeware/lib           libiconv.a                      libiconv.so.2
5                                          libz.a                          libz.so.1