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====== Powershell misc ======

===== Powershell man page =====

List all commands, you can add as parameter **-examples** **-full** **-detailed**
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /home/manu> get-command *
...
PS /home/manu> get-command *service*
</cli>

List Get-Command cmdlet with an alias
<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-Command -Name dir
CommandType     Name                                               ModuleName
-----------     ----                                               ----------
Alias           dir -> Get-ChildItem
</cli>

List all commands from a specific module
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /home/manu> get-command -module activedirectory
</cli>

This command gets all of the cmdlets, sorts them alphabetically by the noun in the cmdlet name, and then displays them in noun-based groups:
<cli prompt='>'>
PS > Get-Command -Type Cmdlet | Sort-Object -Property Noun | Format-Table -GroupBy Noun
</cli>

uses the All parameter of the Get-Command cmdlet to show all instances of the Notepad command on the local computer.
<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-Command Notepad -All | Format-Table CommandType, Name, Definition

CommandType     Name           Definition
-----------     ----           ----------
Application     notepad.exe    C:\WINDOWS\system32\notepad.exe
Application     NOTEPAD.EXE    C:\WINDOWS\NOTEPAD.EXE
</cli>

Man page
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /home/manu> get-help Write-Progress                                                                                                                                                                                

NAME
    Write-Progress
    
SYNTAX
    Write-Progress [-Activity] <string> [[-Status] <string>] [[-Id] <int>] [-PercentComplete <int>] [-SecondsRemaining <int>] [-CurrentOperation <string>] [-ParentId <int>] [-Completed] [-SourceId <int>]  
    [<CommonParameters>]
</cli>

Commands alias
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /home/manu> get-alias
</cli>

===== Remove header/descriptor =====

<cli prompt='>'>
PS /root> Get-VM lnx01a | ForEach-Object {$_.Name}
lnx01a 
</cli>

===== Upper / Lower =====

<cli prompt='>'>
PS /root> $text1 = "Hello".ToUpper()
PS /root> Write-Host $text1
HELLO
PS /root> $text1 = "Hello".ToLower()
PS /root> Write-Host $text1
hello
</cli>

**ATTENTION:** Powershell is not case sensitive
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /root> $text1 = "Hello"
PS /root> $text2 = "HELLO"
PS /root> $text1 –eq $text2
True
</cli>

===== List full parameters =====

Get full parameters **format-list** or **fl**
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /root> Get-Process | format-list
Id      : 1627
Handles : 7
CPU     : 0
SI      : 1627
Name    : xrdp-sesman

...
</cli>

Get selected parameters
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /root> Get-Process | format-list -Property Id,CPU
Id  : 1627
CPU : 0

...
</cli>

Powershell **tail**, **sort**
<cli prompt='>'>
PS /root> Get-Process | Sort-Object -Property CPU | Select-Object -Last 5                                                                                                                                    

 NPM(K)    PM(M)      WS(M)     CPU(s)      Id  SI ProcessName                                                                                                                                                       
 ------    -----      -----     ------      --  -- -----------                                                                                                                                                       
      0     0.00    1695.88    3461.67    2118 118 X                                                                                                                                                                 
      0     0.00      83.30    3837.19    5662 328 chrome                                                                                                                                                            
      0     0.00     562.67    4124.23    3965 283 firefox                                                                                                                                                           
      0     0.00      20.55    5235.46    2373 370 pulseaudio                                                                                                                                                        
      0     0.00    6483.15   79748.30   31295 264 VirtualBoxVM  
</cli>

===== log your script =====

<cli prompt='>'>
$Logfile = $MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path -replace '\.ps1$', '.log'

Start-Transcript -Path $Logfile
#Doing some stuff with the Verbose parameter
Get-ChildItem -Verbose
Get-Service -Verbose
Get-Process -Verbose
Write-Output 'Writing some text to the log file' 

Stop-Transcript
</cli>

===== Suppress multiple pattern in list =====

<cli prompt='>'>
PS /usr/fcm> $Eliminate = @("vml","vm2","vm3")
PS /usr/fcm>  Get-VM | Select-String -pattern $Eliminate  -notMatch
vm4
vm5
</cli>

===== grep in Powershell =====

<cli prompt='#'>
PS /usr/bin/fcm/tmp> Get-Content -Path vminfo.txt |  Where-Object { $_ -Match  "^VM_Datastore:"}
</cli>

===== sed in Powershell =====

<cli prompt='#'>
# cat input.txt | sed 's/old/new/' > output.txt
</cli>

    cat: in Powershell : Get-Content
    $_ : pipe
    { } : command delimiter
    % : iteration

<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-Content input.txt | %{$_ -replace "old", "new"} | Set-Content output.txt
</cli>

===== sort in Powershell =====

<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-ChildItem -Path C:\Test | Sort-Object
Directory: C:\Test
Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
-a----        2/13/2019     08:55             26 anotherfile.txt
-a----        2/13/2019     13:26             20 Bfile.txt
-a----        2/12/2019     15:40         118014 Command.txt
-a----         2/1/2019     08:43            183 CreateTestFile.ps1
d-----        2/25/2019     18:25                Files
</cli>

<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-ChildItem -Path C:\Test -File | Sort-Object -Property Length
Directory: C:\Test
Mode                LastWriteTime         Length Name
----                -------------         ------ ----
-a----        2/13/2019     13:26             20 Bfile.txt
-a----        2/12/2019     16:24             23 Zsystemlog.log
-a----        2/13/2019     08:55             26 anotherfile.txt
-ar---        2/12/2019     14:31             27 ReadOnlyFile.txt
-a----         2/1/2019     08:43            183 CreateTestFile.ps1
-a----        2/12/2019     15:40         118014 Command.txt
</cli>

<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-Process | Sort-Object -Property WS | Select-Object -Last 5                                                                                                                           

 NPM(K)    PM(M)      WS(M)     CPU(s)      Id  SI ProcessName                                                                                                                                                       
 ------    -----      -----     ------      --  -- -----------                                                                                                                                                       
      0     0.00     530.43     369.05   24977 283 firefox                                                                                                                                                           
      0     0.00     547.91    1360.88    4559 237 evolution                                                                                                                                                         
      0     0.00    1418.94      44.16   14488 237 okular                                                                                                                                                            
      0     0.00    2072.61    3317.51    2071 071 X                                                                                                                                                                 
      0     0.00    6548.90   33021.09    6754 063 VirtualBoxVM 
PS> Get-Process | ft name,starttime
xdg-document-po 25/12/21 07:49:32
xdg-permission- 25/12/21 07:49:32
xembedsniproxy  25/12/21 07:49:30
xfs_mru_cache   25/12/21 07:45:06
xfs-buf/sda4    25/12/21 07:45:06

</cli>

<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-Service |Sort-Object -Property @{Expression = "Status"; Descending = $true},@{Expression = "DisplayName";Descending = $false}

Status   Name               DisplayName
------   ----               -----------
Running  Appinfo            Application Information
Running  BthAvctpSvc        AVCTP service
Running  BrokerInfrastru... Background Tasks Infrastructure Ser...
Running  BDESVC             BitLocker Drive Encryption Service
Running  CoreMessagingRe... CoreMessaging
Running  VaultSvc           Credential Manager
Running  DsSvc              Data Sharing Service
Running  Dhcp               DHCP Client
</cli>

  | Sort-Object -Unique : only one occurrence of each word
  | Sort-Object : string sort
  | Sort-Object {[int]$_} : integer sort
  -CaseSensitive ...
  -Descending

===== Misc commands =====

==== tail ====

get last 5 lines from file
<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-Content -path /root/toto.py -tail 5     

PS> get-content |select -last 5 

PS> get-content |select -last 5 | Write-Output                                                                                                                                                             
</cli>

==== head ====

get first 5 lines from file
<cli prompt='>'>
PS> Get-Content -path /root/toto.py -totalcount 5 
</cli>
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